Every Civil Engineer must Know before going at site there some basic standards which is used at site.Here some of the basic Data for civil we are sharing.
Design Mix:
M10 ( 1 : 3.92 :
5.62)
Cement : 210 Kg/ M3
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12.5 mm Jelly : 472 Kg/ M3
River sand : 823 Kg/ M3
Total water : 185 Kg/ M3
Fresh concrete density: 2398 Kg/M3
M20 ( 1 : 2.48 :
3.55)
Cement : 320 Kg/ M3
20 mm Jelly : 683 Kg/ M3
12.5 mm Jelly : 455 Kg/ M3
River sand : 794 Kg/ M3
Total water : 176 Kg/ M3
Admixture : 0.7%
Fresh concrete density: 2430 Kg/
M3
M25 ( 1 : 2.28 :
3.27)
Cement : 340 Kg/ M3
20 mm Jelly : 667 Kg/ M3
12.5 mm Jelly : 445 Kg/ M3
River sand : 775 Kg/ M3
Total water : 185 Kg/ M3
Admixture : 0.6%
Fresh concrete density: 2414 Kg/
M3
Note: sand 775 + 2% moisture,
Water 185 -20.5 = 164 Liters,
Admixture = 0.5% is 100ml
M30 ( 1 : 2 :
2.87)
Cement : 380 Kg/ M3
20 mm Jelly : 654 Kg/ M3
12.5 mm Jelly : 436 Kg/ M3
River sand : 760 Kg/ M3
Total water : 187 Kg/ M3
Admixture : 0.7%
Fresh concrete density: 2420 Kg/
M3
Note: Sand = 760 Kg with 2%
moisture (170.80+15.20)
M35 ( 1 : 1.79 :
2.57)
Cement : 410 Kg/ M3
20 mm Jelly : 632 Kg/ M3
12.5 mm Jelly : 421 Kg/ M3
River sand : 735 Kg/ M3
Total water : 200 Kg/ M3
Admixture : 0.7%
Fresh concrete density: 2400 Kg/
M3
Note: sand = 735 + 2%, Water =
200- 14.7 = 185.30,
Admixture = 0.7%
M40 ( 1 : 1.67 : 2.39)
Cement : 430 Kg/ M3
20 mm Jelly : 618 Kg/ M3
12.5 mm Jelly : 412 Kg/ M3
River sand : 718 Kg/ M3
Water Cement ratio : 0.43
Admixture : 0.7%
Note: Sand = 718 + Bulkage 1%
M45 ( 1 : 1.58 :
2.26)
Cement : 450 Kg/ M3
20 mm Jelly : 626 Kg/ M3
12.5 mm Jelly : 417 Kg/ M3
River sand : 727 Kg/ M3+ Bulkage 1%
Water Cement ratio : 0.43
Admixture : 0.7%
M50 ( 1 : 1.44 :
2.23)
Cement : 450 Kg/ M3
20 mm Jelly : 590 Kg/ M3
12.5 mm Jelly : 483 Kg/ M3
River sand : 689 Kg/ M3 + Bulkage 12%
Water Cement ratio : 0.36 (188
Kg)
Admixture : 1.20%3
Micro silica : 30 Kg
Super flow 6.7% of cement
WEIGHT OF
MATERIALS
50 mm J bolt : 751 No’s / 52 Kg
40 mm J bolt : 883 No’s / 54 Kg
2” nails : 385 No’s / Kg
3” nails : 118 No’s / Kg
4" nails : 72 No’s / Kg
Binding wire : 170 rings /Kg
SIMPLEX
FORMULA:-
U = (N /L) x {(W
x H) / (1 + S)} x Sq.rt {(L/50)}
U = Ultimate load in tones
N = Number of blows
L = Pile length in feets
W = Weight of hammer in tones
H = Height of fall in feet.
S = Set for 1 blows in Inch
Safe load = (ultimate load/ 2.5)
Factor of safety = 2.5
10 blows = below 10 MM
Thread
couplers:- (For Column lapping)
Couplers for reinforcing bars 20
mm to 28 mm crimped sleeve
Lightly reinforced 25 – 75 mm
Heavily reinforced 75 – 100 mm
Trench fill (insitu & Tremie)
100 – 150 mm
(For Termie vibrator not
required)
Durability:-
The Environment
Cover to Steel
Type and quality of the constituent
material
Cement content and Water Cement ratio.
Workmanship to obtain full compaction.
Compaction and efficient curing.
Accuracy of
measuring equipment in batching plant.
Cement : + 2%
Aggregate : + 3%
Admixture : + 3%
Water : + 3%
Mixing time : 2 minutes for one
mixing.(site Mixing)
Mixing time : 2 minutes for one
mixing.(site Mixing)
TOLERANCE:-
Form work:-
In C/S for columns & Beams
deviation is = + 12mm more (or) - 6mm less in size
In footing plan = + 50 mm more
(or) – 12 mm less size
In depth = + 0.05 D (specified
thickness).
Reinforcement:-
For effective depth D < 200mm
= + 10mm
For effective depth D > 200mm
= + 15mm
For Cover to reinforcement = +
10mm
Maximum freefall of concrete = 1.50 m height.
TOLERANCE:-
Form work:-
In C/S for columns & Beams
deviation is = + 12mm more (or) - 6mm less in size
In footing plan = + 50 mm more
(or) – 12 mm less size
In depth = + 0.05 D (specified
thickness).
Reinforcement:-
For effective depth D < 200mm
= + 10mm
For effective depth D > 200mm
= + 15mm
For Cover to reinforcement = +
10mm
Maximum freefall of concrete = 1.50 m height.
TOLERANCE ON DIA
IN LENGTH:-
0-25mm = + 0.5 %
25-35mm = + 0.6 %
35-50mm = + 0.8 %
TOLERANCE ON
WEIGHT PER METRE:-
0-10mm = +7%
10-16mm = + 5%
16 and above = + 3%
TOLERANCE FOR
CUTTING LENGTH :-
A) When the specified length is
not given = + 75mm (or) – 25 mm
B) When the min. length is
specified = + 50 mm (or) – 0 mm
GENERAL:-
Lapping is not
allowed for the bars having diameters more than 36 mm.
Chair spacing
maximum spacing is 1.00 m (or) 1 No per 1 Sq.m
For dowels rod
minimum of 12 mm dia should be used.
Chairs minimum
of 12 mm dia bars to be used.
Longitudinal
reinforcement not less than 0.8% and more than 6% of gross C/S.
Minimum bars for
square column is 4 No’s and 6 No’s for circular column.
Main bars in the
slabs shall not be less than 8 mm (HYSD) or 10 mm (Plain bars)
Minimum
thickness of slab is 125 mm
Dimension
tolerance for cubes + 2 mm.
Free fall of concrete
is allowed maximum to 1.50m.
Lap slices not
be used for bar larger than 36 mm.
Water absorption
not more than 15 %.
PH value of the
water should not be less than 6.
Compressive
strength of Bricks is 3.5 N / mm2
In steel
reinforcement binding wire required is 8 kg per MT
In soil filling as per
IS code 100 sqm should take 3 sample for core cutting test
DENSITY OF
MATERIALS:-
Weight of Bricks = 1600-1920 Kg/M3
Weight of Block work = 1920 Kg/M3
Weight of R.C.C = 2310 – 2700
Kg/M3
CURING:-
Super Sulphate cement : 7 days
Ordinary Portland cement OPC : 10
days
Minerals & Admixture added
cement : 14 days
STRIPPING TIME (
De-Shuttering):-
For columns, walls, vertical form
works : 16-24 hrs
Soffit formwork to slabs : 3 days
(props to be refixed after removal)
Soffit to beams props : 7 days
props to refix after removal.
Spanning up to 4.50m : 7 days
Spanning over 4.50m : 14 days
Arches spanning up to 6m : 14
days
Arches spanning over 6m : 21 days
CUBE SAMPLES:-
1 – 5 M3 : 1 No.
6 – 15 M3 : 2 No’s
16 – 30 M3 : 3 No’s
31 – 50 M3 : 4 No’s
Above 50 M3 : 4 + 1 No of
addition sample for each 50 M3
TEST RESULTS OF
SAMPLES:-
The test results of the samples
shall be the average of the strength of three specimens.
The individual variation should not be more than +
15 % of the average.
If more the results of the sample
are invalid.
COMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH:-
3 days : 45 %
7 days : 67 – 70 %
14 days : 85 %
28 days : 100% +
APPROXIMATE COST
PER SQ.FT (MANTRI PROJECT)
HIGH RISE
BUILDING:-
Structure = 979 / Sft
(Concreting, Block work,
Plastering, Flooring, Dado, painting)
Electrical works (Modular
switches) = 172 / Sft
Plumbing (P.H.E) = 93 / Sft
Fire Fighting = 13 / Sft
Lift = 34 / Sft
Common Area = 94 / Sft
External development (Landscape,
road works, drains etc.,) = 87 / Sft
TEST FOR SILT
& CLAY:-
Take 200 ml
measuring cylinder fill sand up to 100ml mark
Add 150ml of
water and shake well
Allow it to
settle for 3 hrs.
Measure the
total height and height of clay.
Calculate the
clay and silt in total sand
Clay and Silt
should not exceed 3% by weight (or) 8-10% by volume
For crushed sand
Clay and Silt should not exceed 15% by weight
ORGANIC
IMPURITIES:-
Don’t dried the
specimen before testing
Take 250 ml measuring
cylinder.
Add 75 ml of
water with 3% of Sodium Hydroxide. Fill sand layer to 125 ml
Make the volume
up to 200ml by adding more of sodium hydroxide solution
Shake well allow
it to stand for 24 hrs
If the solution
becomes darker than straw yellow colour then the sand has to be
If the solution is lighter or just
straw yellow colour the sand can be used for
QUANTITIES
REQUIRED:-
Plastering (CM 1:3) = 1.50 bags /
10 m2
Plastering (CM 1:5) = 1.05 bags /
10 m2
Ceiling Plastering (CM 1:3) = 48
kg / 10 m2
Brick work (CM 1:5) = 86 Kg / 10
m3
Brick work (CM 1:6) 9” thick =
80.64 Kg / 10 m3
Brick work (CM 1:3) 4½” thick =
15.46 Kg / 10 m3
Lime for white washing = 10
Kg/100 m2
Painting = 10 ltr/ 100 m2
Distemper 1st coat = 6.5 Kg /
100 m2
Distemper 2nd coat = 5.0 kg /
100 m2
Snowcem 1st coat = 30 Kg /
100 m2
Snowcem 2nd coat = 20 Kg /
100 m2
Paint ready mixed one coat = 10
ltr / 100 m2
Weathering Course = 7.68 Kg / m2
Flooring = 8.10 kg / m2
Pressed tiles for weathering
course (CM 1:3) = 7.68 Kg / 10 m2
Granolithic floor finish = 8.10
Kg / 10 m2
WATER CEMENT
RATIO:-
M20 = 0.55
M25 = 0.50
M30 = 0.45
M35 = 0.45
M40 = 0.40
SPACING OF
BARS:-
Provide the dia
of the bar, if the dia of the bar are equal.
Provide the dia
of the larger bar, if the dia are unequal.
5mm more than
the nominal maximum size of the coarse aggregate.
CONVERSION:-
1 Acre = 4046.72 m2
1 cent = 40.4672 m2
COVER TO MAIN
REINFORCEMENT:-
Column : 40 mm (D>12mm)
Column : 25 mm (D= 12mm)
Beam : 25 mm
Slab : 15 mm (or) not less than
dia of the bar.
Footing : 50 mm
Sunshade (Chajja) : 25 mm
CO-EFFICIENT FOR
PAINTING:-
Partly paneled and glazed doors :
0.80 times the door or window area.
Collapsible gates : 1.50
Corrugated sheeted steel doors :
1.25
Rolling shutters : 1.10
Expanded metal hard drawn steel :
1.00
Open palsied fencing and gates,
brace, rails : 1.00
Corrugated iron sheeting : 1.14
A.C corrugated sheeting : 1.20
A.C Semi corrugated sheeting :
1.10
Wire gauged shutters : 1.00
Paneled framed and braced doors,
windows : 1.30
Ledged and battened doors and
windows : 1.30
Flush doors : 1.20
Partly paneled doors : 1.00
Fully glazed doors : 0.80
Fully louvered : 1.80
Trellis work : 2.00
Curved or enriched : 2.00
Weather boarding : 1.20
Wooded single roofing : 1.10
Boarding with cover tilets and
match boarding : 1.05
Tile and slate battering : 0.80
Plain sheeted steel : 1.10
Fully glazed steel : 0.50
Calculation of
Materials:-
a) For 1 m3 of concrete Mix
1:2:4 (M15)
Add 50% for wet concrete = 1.50
m3
= 1.50/(1+2+4) = 0.214 m3
For 1 m3 = 30 bags of
cement required (1440/50) say 30 bags
Cement = 0.214 x 30 = 6.42
bags
Sand = 0.214 x 2 = 0.428 m3
Aggregate = 0.214 x 4 = 0.856
m3
b) Wall
plastering in CM 1:4 of 12 mm thick for 100 m2:-
Volume = 100 x (12/1000) = 1.20 m3
Add 30 to 35% as bulking of sand
= 0.36 m3
Add 20 as wastage of sand = 0.312
m3
Total = 1.872 m3
= (1.872/1+4) = 0.374 m3
Cement = 0.374 x 30 = 10.77
bags
Sand = 0.374 x 4 = 1.496 m3
c) For 100 m3 of solid Block
masonry in CM 1:6 mix 8” thick:-
Volume = 100 x 0.2 (Thickness of
wall)
= 20 m3
No. of blocks required = 20/(0.4
x 0.2 x 0.2)
= 12502 No’s
Volume of mortar = 20-{0.39 x
0.19 x 0.19 x 1250}
= 20 – 17.598
= 2.40 m3
Note: 200mm – 10 mm for mortar
thickness = 190 mm
Blocks =17.598/(0.4 x 0.2 x 0.2)
=1100 No’s
Add 2% wastage = 22
Total = 1122 No’s
Increase by 25% for dry mortar = 3 M3
= 3/ (1+6)
= 0.429 M3
Cement = 0.429 x 30 = 12.50 bags
Sand = 0.429 x 6 = 2.57 M3
Blocks =1122 No’s
STEEL:-
Weight of rod
per meter length = d2 / 162 where d in mm
“L” for column
main rod in footing is minimum of 300mm
Hook for
stirrups is 9D for one side
For Cantilever
anchorage length for main steel is 69D
No. of stirrups
= (clear span/Spanning) + 1
Design strength is M 40, target strength is 1.25 x 40 = 50 Mpa
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